针对异种材料激光拼焊接头焊后存在明显的塑性差异问题,提出了一种随焊同步热场方法。通过同步热场与激光焊接热源的耦合,调控焊缝及热影响区金属的冷却速度,对熔池的结晶凝固行为和相变过程进行热力学干预,缩小各区域塑性梯度的阶跃值,使拼焊板各区域的塑性性能趋于连续一致。以高强硼钢/Q235钢激光拼焊板为对象,分别对常规和随焊同步热场条件下的整体拼焊接头及焊缝两侧各微区域进行了高温拉伸试验,研究了温度为300~600 ℃时随焊同步热场对激光拼焊接头塑性行为的影响。结果表明,随焊同步热场条件下焊缝及两侧组织绝大部分为铁素体和珠光体,马氏体明显减少,整体拼焊接头的塑性较高;且随焊热场温度越高,整体接头的延伸率就越高。随着随焊热场温度的升高,焊缝及热影响区与母材各界面处的塑性应变差异逐渐变小,接头各区域的变形也更协调,在600 ℃随焊热场条件下得到的焊接接头各区域塑性梯度最小。

采用中间过渡层的新方法研究了黄铜焊接气孔的控制,对比分析了以紫铜为中间层的黄铜激光焊接和常规激光焊接获得的焊缝的气孔率,结果表明:在中间层条件下,焊缝表面和内部的气孔率均大幅降低;随着焊接速率增大,气孔率逐渐减小,当焊接速率为2.2 mm/s时,气孔率几乎为零;当焊接参数相同时,中间层条件下的焊缝气孔率仅为常规激光焊接的1/3,焊接接头的力学性能优于常规激光焊接。在焊缝成形良好的前提下,验证了采用紫铜为中间层的焊接方法控制黄铜激光焊接气孔缺陷的有效性。

The impact of third-order dispersion (TOD) is investigated by numerical simulations in 160-Gb/s single-channel systems incorporated with dispersion mapping and optical phase conjugation (OPC). System performances using retrun-to-zero (RZ) or carrier-suppressed RZ (CSRZ) modulation format are evaluated on the optimized dispersion map. The results indicate that even though TOD has been fully compensated, the intra-channel nonlinearity induced by local TOD would degrade the system performance in nonlinear regime. The scheme with an optimized dispersion map provides a much higher performance and offers a larger tolerance on a variation of pre-compensation. CSRZ modulation format is more robust due to its tradeoff between tolerances on intra-channel nonlinearity and dispersion.

Experimental research of simultaneous tunable chromatic dispersion (CD) and adaptive polarization mode dispersion (PMD) compensations in optical fiber communication system was reported. Two different nonlinearly chirped fiber Bragg gratings fabricated through the equivalent chirp technology were adopted in the experiment. One of the gratings was used as CD compensator, with a tunable dispersion range from 300 to 600 ps/nm. The other made of photosensitive polarization maintaining fiber was used as a tunable delay line of PMD compensator, which provided a varying amount of differential group delay (DGD) from 40 to 110 ps. Our experiment was operated at 10-Gb/s non-return-to-zero (NRZ) system and the results showed that the eye pattern recovery is excellent after both PMD and CD are compensated. Especially, the power penalty at a bit error rate (BER) of 10^(-9) is about 1 dB.

An experiment of two-stage adaptive compensation for polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in a 40-Gb/s optical time-division multiplexed communication system is reported. The PMD monitoring technique based on degree of polarization was adopted. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was introduced in adaptive PMD compensation. The comparison was made to estimate the effectiveness between PSO algorithms with global neighborhood structure (GPSO) and with local neighborhood structure (LPSO). The LPSO algorithm is shown to be more effective to search global optimum for PMD compensation than GPSO algorithm. The two-stage PMD compensator is shown to be effective for both first- and second-order PMD, and the compensator is shown to be bit rate independent. The optimum searching time is within one hundred milliseconds.

An experiment of adaptive polarization mode dispersion (PMD) compensation for 40-Gb/s return-to-zero (RZ) optical communication system is reported. In the experiment, degree of polarization (DOP) is used as feedback signal and particle swarm optimization (PSO) method is adopted as logic control algorithm. The compensation time is about 200 ms, the compensated differential group delay (DGD) is up to 30 ps, and bit error rate (BER) of 10^(-9) is reached when PMD compensation is employed.

We report the adaptive compensation experiment of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) for 10-Gb/s non return-to-zero (NRZ) and return-to-zero (RZ) optical communication systems using a two-stage PMD compensator and the monitoring technique based on degree of polarization (DOP) feedback-signals. The DOP monitor has its advantages of bit-rate independent and modulation format independent. The twostage compensator has the capacity of compensation for the first- and second-order PMD. The compensated differential group delay (DGD) is up to 80 ps, and compensated principal state of polarization rotation rate is 20 ps. The time used for compensation is less than 1 second.

We report an experiment of adaptive compensation for first-order polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in 10-Gb/s return zero (RZ) optical communication system. The compensated differential group delay (DGD) is up to 30 ps. The quasi-real-time, less than one second, PMD compensation is realized. In the experiment, for the first time, the algorithm so-called particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used to control feedback compensation system.